What does pressure 140 over 90 mean and what does it mean?
When systolic blood pressure reaches 140 and diastolic blood pressure reaches 90 mmHg. and remain at this level for a long time, doctors talk about the presence of borderline arterial hypertension. But this only applies to young people, for whom the norm is a pressure of 120 to 80 mm Hg, or hypotensive people, whose normal pressure rarely goes beyond 100/60 mm Hg. For an 18-year-old teenager the numbers are 140 by 90 mm Hg. are the upper limit of normal and decrease slightly after puberty.
Under the pressure of blood, the vascular walls thicken, their elasticity decreases and the vessels stop passing blood at an optimal speed, which leads to oxygen starvation of all organs and systems. It is necessary to reduce the pressure, since the longer the condition lasts, the more serious its consequences will be.
For older men and women (50 years and older), due to age-related changes in the state of the cardiovascular system, this upper pressure is normal and does not require correction. The lower one only slightly (5-10 mmHg) exceeds the optimal values. You just need to regularly monitor your condition and listen to your own well-being, avoiding a further increase in pressure, since the consequences of inattention to your own well-being can be the most tragic.
A stable pressure of 140 over 90 or 145 over 95 mm Hg, accompanied by characteristic symptoms of hypertension, is dangerous and can lead to:
- hypertensive crisis, often ending in heart attack or stroke;
- impairment of kidney function;
- heart rhythm disturbances;
- ischemia;
- chronic heart disorders;
- decreased visual acuity.
Complications can be avoided by timely correction of the condition and mandatory intake of antihypertensive drugs prescribed by the doctor. Complex treatment also includes physiotherapeutic techniques and traditional medicine recipes. It is necessary to adjust your diet, give up bad habits, and make physical activity regular.
To regularly monitor your blood pressure, you should purchase a convenient automatic tonometer, which does not require medical skills to operate.
High blood pressure during pregnancy
Experts point out to patients that low blood pressure during the first trimester is normal during pregnancy. The closer the moment of birth, the more often high blood pressure is observed.
If a pregnant woman has a blood pressure of 140 over 40
, you must immediately consult a doctor: high blood pressure can cause fetal hypoxia.
If the pressure is 140 over 50, what does this mean?
? It is possible that high blood pressure is a short-term phenomenon caused by a stressful situation or physical activity. The doctor will prescribe sedatives and evaluate the pregnant woman’s diet.
However, situations often occur when the pressure does not return to normal: it is necessary to begin drug therapy. In this case, only a specialist can prescribe treatment, taking into account all possible risks to the health of the unborn child.
blood pressure during pregnancy
"Provocateurs" of hypertension
The reasons for the development of hypertension can be different. This:
Blood pressure 128 over 60 - what does this mean?
- heredity (the risk of experiencing high blood pressure increases in people whose immediate relatives suffer from arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, or have had a heart attack or stroke);
- obesity (obese people are three times more likely to suffer from hypertension and other heart and vascular diseases);
- smoking (a bad habit makes blood vessels fragile and unable to pass blood in the required volume);
- alcohol abuse (strong alcoholic drinks sharply dilate blood vessels, but after a few minutes they narrow them, which can lead to a jump in blood pressure);
- stress;
- physical inactivity or excessive physical activity;
- poor nutrition;
- taking certain medications;
- pathological processes in the body (endocrine, renal, cardiac).
The risk group includes men aged 40-50 years and women during menopause. High blood pressure is often diagnosed in pregnant women, whose cardiovascular system begins to experience excessive stress and hormonal levels change.
What pressure allows you to diagnose hypertension in an adult?
Important! Why high blood pressure appeared in each specific case can only be said after a comprehensive examination. It is important not only to bring blood pressure levels closer to normal, but also to try to eliminate the cause of the development of the pathology.
Reasons for the increase
There is no exact idea about the occurrence of hypertension, but predisposing factors are known:
- hereditary predisposition;
- congenital anomalies of the cardiovascular system;
- stress, overwork;
- binge eating;
- physical inactivity;
- bad habits;
- hormonal imbalance.
In this case, a person’s lifestyle plays a very important role.
Alcohol
Ethanol is instantly absorbed into the blood and causes:
- short-term vasodilation with a hypotensive effect;
- spasm of the main and peripheral arteries with the simultaneous release of a large amount of adrenaline into the bloodstream, which blocks access to the myocardium of nutrients and oxygen;
- disrupts liver function;
- reduces magnesium levels.
All this causes an increase in blood pressure.
Nicotine
The longer a smoker is, the higher the potential danger. Nicotine is a vascular poison; it paralyzes the blood flow, spasming it. The body requires a lot of effort to normalize blood pressure after each cigarette smoked. But a person’s compensatory capabilities are limited, therefore, with a blood pressure of 140/100, the only right decision would be to give up cigarettes under the supervision of a doctor. Otherwise, hypertension with all the ensuing complications is your lot.
Stress
A very common cause of blood pressure is 140/100. It is necessary to confront your own feelings, there are several ways:
- meditation;
- yoga;
- psychotherapy;
- breathing exercises.
The main thing is your willpower.
Professional activity
Blood pressure readings of 140/100 may indicate the norm for professional athletes, metallurgists, miners, and anyone who is accustomed to a lifestyle associated with physical overexertion. But there comes a time when the body’s compensatory capabilities weaken and the norm transforms into pathology. It is very important not to miss this: a floating norm becomes an objective sign - from 140/100 to 140 (135)/96 (95).
Alarming symptoms
If a person has a constant pressure of 140 to 90 or 143 to 93 mm Hg. feels well and there are no other abnormalities in his health, which means that this blood pressure is normal for him. However, if the following signs of hypertension appear, you should not hesitate and seek help from specialists:
- headache (unpleasant sensations worsen in the morning or after physical activity);
- there is a constant feeling of fatigue, lethargy, irritability;
- sweating increases;
- there is noise in the ears, “spots” in front of the eyes;
- vision deteriorates;
- pain appears in the chest area;
- the face swells;
- the head and neck turns red;
- climbing a few steps ends in shortness of breath.
Important! It is also necessary to pay attention to heart rate indicators, the norm of which also depends on age. If the heartbeat quickens (pulse 90 and above) or bradycardia appears (pulse 60 and below) in a young person - at 30 years old, this may indicate serious disorders. At the same time, a pulse of 100 in a first-grader is not elevated - this is an optimal indicator that does not require correction.
Risks of high blood pressure
With such blood pressure, it is recommended to immediately consult a cardiologist: the doctor will prescribe the necessary examinations and make the correct diagnosis. It is important to remember that the greater the pulse difference when measuring pressure, the greater the load on the heart.
If the pulse difference remains high for a long time, this may indicate internal bleeding or heart failure.
signs of pressure 140 to 60
High blood pressure treatment
If the pressure has increased one-time, for example, after a severe nervous shock, you can cope with the problem by simply calming down and taking a dose of a sedative. It will not be possible to permanently lower blood pressure, which often rises to critical levels, by taking a few tablets. Complex treatment is required, including:
- taking long-acting antihypertensive medications;
- treatment of concomitant diseases and disorders in the functioning of organs and systems;
- Reasonable physical activity appropriate to age and level of training.
In addition to diuretics, alpha and beta blockers, ATP inhibitors, calcium antagonists, the patient is prescribed physiotherapy that can enhance the effectiveness of therapy. This includes massage, mud therapy, therapeutic baths, acupuncture, etc.
If your blood pressure rises regularly or periodically, you should always have pills on hand that can quickly lower your blood pressure to prevent it from increasing further. The optimal drug, taking into account the course of the disease, is selected by the attending physician. You cannot independently reduce or increase the dosage of drugs that cause a series of side effects.
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What to do at home?
Since blood pressure 140/100 is not a crisis, emergency care is usually not required. You need to open the window, loosen tight clothes, sit in a comfortable half-sitting position, bend your legs, take the previously prescribed drug and wait for improvement (in the absence of prescribed drugs, sedative drops are allowed: Valerian, Motherwort, Corvalol).
If there is no effect, immediately call an ambulance. It is also necessary if you have a severe headache, suffocation, nausea, tachycardia (pulse 80/90/100 or higher), or chest pain.
Medicines
Medicines are prescribed only by doctors. The most effective combinations:
- diuretics: Spironolactone, Veroshpiron, Triampur;
- adrenergic blockers: Propranolol, Betalok, Anaprilin;
- vasodilators: Spazgan, Sindopharm, Spazmalgon.
No experiments - deadly.
Ways to prevent hypertension
At a pressure of 140/90 mm Hg. your lifestyle changes even if you feel great. Necessary:
- stop smoking, caffeine-containing drinks and alcohol (only dry red wine is allowed in small doses);
- adjust the diet in favor of foods rich in potassium and magnesium that improve the elasticity of blood vessels;
- get rid of excess weight;
- minimize the amount of salt in food;
- maintain a sleep schedule (night rest should be at least 8 hours);
- minimize stressful situations that can provoke a jump in blood pressure.
Preventing high blood pressure
In order to maintain normal blood pressure, you must:
- Maintain a daily routine.
- Avoid unhealthy foods, the consumption of which can lead to obesity and increased cholesterol levels.
- Stop drinking alcohol and tobacco products.
- Avoid stressful situations.
A healthy lifestyle is a great way to normalize blood pressure over the long term. Elderly people are recommended to undergo systematic examination by a cardiologist, as well as regularly take medications, the main task of which is to control vascular tone.
WHEN does a child need to have their blood pressure measured?
In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated July 3, 2000 No. 241, blood pressure should be measured at the age of 3 years (before entering a nursery school, kindergarten), 1 year before school (at 5-6 years), immediately before school (6 -7 years), after finishing 1st grade (7-8 years), at the ages of 10, 12, 14-15, 16 and 17 years.
- In children under 1 year of age, this pathology is most often associated with concomitant diseases - pathology of the kidneys, endocrine system, as well as congenital heart disease (coarctation of the aorta).
- From one to 6 years of age, pathologies of the kidneys and endocrine system are also the leading causes. Such children are observed by specialists and should be additionally examined by a cardiologist.
- From the age of 7, cases of so-called essential hypertension (primary, for unknown reasons) are detected.
- During puberty, this type of hypertension becomes the leading one.
