Blood pressure consists of systolic and diastolic, or, as people call it, upper and lower. Diastolic, or lower, is also called cardiac. It is formed at the moment of complete relaxation of the heart muscle. Ideally, it should be 70 mmHg. If this value exceeds 80 mm, then high cardiac pressure occurs. If it increases from excitement or during physical work, then there is no reason to worry: this is a normal phenomenon. We can talk about pathology if there is a persistent increase in lower pressure.
Treatment methods
Detection of values of 130/90 becomes an indication for balancing the physical and emotional state.
A further increase in indicators (150/95) indicates the need to immediately seek medical help.
Drug therapy
Based on the patient’s condition, a course of treatment is prescribed, including:
- diuretics that help remove excess fluid from the body;
- medications that normalize heart rate;
- sedatives.
In order to eliminate pain in the heart area, preference is given to Corvalol, Validol and Corvalment.
A condition accompanied by a persistent increase in indicators requires the use of the following medications:
- Diuretics - Veroshpiron, Triamterene, Chlorthalidone;
- ACE enzyme inhibitors (these are Quinapril, Captopril, Lizoril);
- Calcium antagonists - Nifedipine, Verapamil, Cardil;
- Beta-blockers such as Atenolol, Betaxolol, Talinolol;
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (these are Irbesartan, Telmisartan, Valsartan).
The therapeutic course begins with the use of one of the drugs from the listed groups. The minimum dosage is initially prescribed. It is gradually increased.
If necessary, the doctor may recommend the simultaneous use of 2-3 types of drugs from different drug groups.
Depending on the patient’s condition, medications are used to help quickly reduce blood pressure. They have a short-term effect, this is first aid . If your blood pressure rises frequently, your doctor will prescribe long-acting medications, which are recommended to be taken continuously.
High heart pressure is a pathology that requires taking not only pills that improve the condition of the heart and blood vessels. An integrated approach to treatment involves the use of sedative drops. Pharmaceutical products such as tincture of valerian and motherwort have proven themselves well.
- Heart high blood pressure tablets
You can reduce blood pressure that has increased due to stress by drinking a few drops of Valocordin with water.
What to do if a pregnant woman’s blood pressure rises? At home, you can lower it with Methyldop. However, it is not recommended to use this method often. It is necessary to seek advice from a specialist.
This advice should be remembered by anyone who develops dangerous symptoms characteristic of hypertension. Taking any medications without a doctor's prescription is life-threatening.
The medications given in the article are described for informational purposes only. Only a doctor can choose the required dose and duration of therapy.
Other methods
As a supplement to the therapeutic course, you can use traditional medicine recipes. They use centuries-old proven medicinal herbs that, together with medications, can reduce high blood pressure and maintain it normal.
For this purpose, infusions and decoctions are prepared from chamomile, peppermint, yarrow, motherwort, and hawthorn flowers.
Infusions and decoctions, as well as medications, should be used strictly as prescribed by a specialist.
Effective means
It is possible to alleviate the condition of high blood pressure with the help of apple cider vinegar. To do this, cotton pads are moistened in a vinegar solution and applied to the temples.
- Causes and symptoms of low heart pressure, what to drink to increase it
You can put mustard plasters on the back of your head.
These methods are good for obtaining a temporary effect, but they cannot replace therapy, which focuses not only on relieving symptoms, but also, most importantly, eliminating the root cause of the pathology.
What to take
If the doctor has determined for sure that a person has hypotension, then he prescribes a number of medications. The treatment complex includes the following means:
- When a patient with hypotension experiences fainting, frequent dizziness, and vision deterioration, the doctor prescribes Fludrocortisone. The medicine relieves symptoms well and improves general condition.
- For severe deviations in vascular tone, the drug Deoxycorticosterone helps.
- Epinephrine tablets quickly increase the diastolic reading due to active vasoconstriction.
- Heptamil tablets effectively combat arterial hypotension. This drug is harmless; it has a positive effect on the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.
- The drug Dopamine (drops, intravenous injections) tones blood vessels located on the periphery.
Why is high heart pressure dangerous?
If a person constantly suffers from high blood pressure, he should know what and how to reduce heart pressure, because this condition is not safe. Increased blood pressure negatively affects the functioning of the body.
Doctors note the negative impact of this condition on the heart muscle. With increased pressure, serious changes occur in it. More often, pathology manifests itself in the area of the left ventricular myocardium (this area of the heart increases in size). In this case, the organ receives insufficient blood, which is dangerous for the development of ischemia.
Due to increased blood pressure, atherosclerosis develops. With this pathology, the walls of large vessels (arteries, veins) and small capillaries are affected. With this disease, doctors often diagnose kidney damage (nephropathy, renal failure).
High blood pressure also affects the brain. Hypertension can act as a provocateur of stroke and ischemia.
Hypertension also negatively affects the organs of vision (eyes). With high blood pressure, blood vessels thicken. This pathology is accompanied by hemorrhages inside the retina, which threatens blindness.
Important: Increased blood pressure in the early stages of pregnancy is considered dangerous. Severe vasoconstriction causes insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to the child. The physiological growth of the fetus may slow down. A strong increase in blood pressure can provoke spontaneous miscarriage.
High blood pressure: causes
The hemodynamic basis of the disease is an increase in the tone of the arteries and arterioles. The causes of high blood pressure in women and men with primary hypertension do not differ. It occurs under the influence of two groups of factors:
- Neurogenic
. There is hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for regulating vascular tone.
- Humoral
. The tension of the vascular wall changes under the influence of catecholamines and other biologically active substances.
On a note:
The underlying causes of hypertension are not fully understood. It remains unknown what causes increased activity of the SNS and the release of vasoconstrictor hormones. Existing treatment is not aimed at eliminating the main etiological factor, but at relieving emerging symptoms.
High blood pressure often occurs in the morning. The reason for this is the physiological hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin system and the cessation of the influence of antihypertensive drugs taken by the patient in the evening. To prevent such phenomena, an increased dose of ACE inhibitors is prescribed.
Causes of surges in high blood pressure followed by its reduction without drug intervention: mental tension, stress, fatigue, physical activity, hyperthermia, intake of vasoconstrictors (coffee, tea, energy drinks). These forms of hypertension occur in young people. The causes of high blood pressure in men are often smoking and alcohol abuse.
Secondary hypertension
Hypertension that occurs against the background of other somatic diseases is considered secondary. The following forms of VG exist:
- renal
: occurs with pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, amyloidosis, tuberculosis, tumors, injuries, congenital kidney anomalies;
- Vasorenal
: the cause of high blood pressure is damage to the renal vessels, in particular atherosclerosis, aneurysm, fibromuscular dysplasia;
- endocrine
: hypo- and hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, adrenal hyperplasia, Itsenko-Cushing's disease;
- centrogenic
: brain tumors, encephalitis, stroke, porphyria, intoxication with heavy metal salts;
- medicinal
: blood pressure increases when taking corticosteroid hormones, sympathomimetics, cyclosporines, monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
The causes of elevated lower pressure (isolated diastolic hypertension) are predominantly renal. The pathology occurs at a young age and is difficult to correct. The isolated systolic form of the disease is more often diagnosed in women over 60 years of age. It is caused by a decrease in the elasticity of the vascular wall of the aorta.
Why does high blood pressure occur in a child?
Blood pressure levels in children are more strongly associated with the influence of the central nervous system than in adults. Therefore, hypertension often develops under the influence of psycho-emotional stress. Also, the disease can be of an essential (primary) nature or be somatic, caused by other pathological processes.
On a note
: When measuring blood pressure, a physician should take into account the possibility of “white coat hypertension” (an increase in blood pressure due to anxiety provoked by the presence of a doctor).
Arterial hypertension, the causes of which are discussed above, requires a thorough examination. In secondary types of pathology, complete recovery is possible after correction of the underlying process. Essential hypertension is considered incurable. Continuous drug reduction of blood pressure is used. If therapy is refused, the patient's life expectancy is significantly reduced.
How to reduce lower blood pressure
The natural desire of a healthy person is to bring the body’s indicators back to normal. Before taking pills for blood pressure, you need to remember how to reduce it using traditional medicine at home. The use of chemistry gives a guaranteed effect, but has many side effects on the body. You can reduce your lower pressure by adhering to the following list of rules:
- the diet should contain fresh vegetables and fruits plus some fermented milk products;
- Eliminate sugar (can be replaced with honey);
- drink decoctions of medicinal herbs, diuretics or lowering blood pressure;
- drink beet juice to strengthen the walls of blood vessels - 1 tablespoon half an hour before meals;
- reduce the load on the kidneys.
How to lower lower blood pressure without lowering upper blood pressure
Sometimes you need to lower the DD without lowering the top one. Even in this case, you can reduce its level at home. This method is recommended by almost all experts. You need to lie on your stomach and place an ice bag or some frozen product on your neck. Stay in this position for about half an hour. Afterwards, massage the cooled area using cream or aromatic oils. In 90% of cases, increased DD decreases without the upper one.
- Causes of increased heart pressure, methods of treatment and first aid for yourself
How to lower heart pressure
There are a huge number of medications that help lower heart pressure, and almost all of them are available without a prescription. It is important to remember that their uncontrolled use can lower blood pressure before hospitalization and long-term treatment. If you have high blood pressure, you must strictly follow the doctor's prescription and take only those medications that have been prescribed. Even analogs or generics can have different effects on the same patient, so you need to know what to take specifically for you.
Pills
List of the most common modern tablets for high DD:
- Verapamil;
- Atenolol;
- Ramipril;
- Enalapril;
- Veroshpiron (fast-acting sublingual tablets for high blood pressure);
- Indap;
- Hypothiazide;
- Triampur.
Heart medications
Drug therapy makes sense if the persistently elevated DD is more than 90 mmHg. Art. To relieve high blood pressure, a complex of drugs is used. Their extended combination is selected exclusively for a specific patient. With the same degree of hypertension, its causes can be very different, and this implies how to use medications for a particular patient.
List of cardiac drugs:
- thiazides – Hypothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Cyclomethiazide;
- sulfonamides – Oxolodin, Indapamide, Oxodoline;
- beta blockers – selected completely individually;
- Carvedilol is one of the most effective non-selective adrenergic blockers as part of such drugs as Cardivil, Atram, Talliton, Cariol, Bagodilol, Vedicarol, Recardium.
Treatment of high heart pressure
It is worth remembering that the causes and treatment of high heart pressure are absolutely individual for each organism. Treatment should begin with a comprehensive diagnosis of the whole organism. First of all, contact a cardiologist and undergo the appropriate examinations and tests. You may need help from other specialists.
The main task in the treatment of hypertension is to identify the causes that provoke high blood pressure and eliminate or minimize them.
At the local level, the primary means of combating high blood pressure include taking medications that normalize blood pressure. Also, the primary task of a person suffering from hypertension is to establish a normal daily routine, proper rest, minimizing stress, walking in the fresh air, proper nutrition, giving up bad habits, and physical activity.
Causes of pathology
High cardiac blood pressure can be caused by various factors. They can be divided into several groups: diseases of the cardiac and vascular systems, heredity, physical inactivity, and bad habits. Often the person himself, through an incorrect lifestyle, provokes this disease. Often the causes are diseases of other organs.
- Diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Heart disease is the main cause of elevated diastolic pressure. It increases due to impaired contractile function of the left ventricle of the heart. Similar changes in myocardial functionality can be observed with infarction, arrhythmia, myocardiosclerosis, myocarditis, heart disease and other pathologies. When the functioning of the vascular system is disrupted, namely the return of venous blood to the heart, which is observed due to severe overexertion or in the presence of vascular diseases, only diastolic pressure tends to increase. At this moment, cardiac output does not change, and the upper pressure is normal. These diseases include atherosclerosis. It disrupts the muscle tone of blood vessels, reduces their elasticity, while accumulating cholesterol deposits, which narrow the lumen, preventing blood from moving at a normal speed.
- Diseases of other organs. Increased heart pressure can develop against the background of existing diseases of the kidneys and adrenal glands, the thyroid gland and pathologies of the spinal canals. These problems lead to hormonal imbalance, which contributes to increased blood pressure. In this case, an increase occurs in both indicators (upper and lower pressure).
- Heredity. The presence of pathology in parents makes it more likely that children will develop the disease. Therefore, knowing about possible heredity, it is necessary to undergo regular examination by a doctor for timely detection of the disease.
- Physical inactivity. This is a very low physical activity, which leads to a decrease in the adaptive functions of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, even a small activity seems like too much work for the cardiovascular system. There is an increase in pressure, and subsequently, the development of arterial hypertension.
- Bad habits. Smoking, drinking large quantities of alcohol, poor diet and obesity lead to many harmful diseases, of which hypertensive heart disease is no exception. These habits contribute to fluid retention in the body, which provokes an increased heart rate and an increase in lower pressure.
To all of the listed causes of high heart pressure, one can add disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system, which are caused by frequent stress, tension, and sudden changes in mood. Having at least one of the reasons in your arsenal, you need to think about possible health problems.
